第一種、VOCs廢氣處理中吸收法工藝原理

　　The first method is the absorption process principle in VOCs waste gas treatment

　　采用柴油、表面活性劑水溶液等吸收劑，通過氣液接觸溶解 VOCs，再經(jīng)解析回收或處理，適用于水溶性或高沸點(diǎn)有機(jī)物。

　　Using absorbents such as diesel and surfactant aqueous solutions, VOCs are dissolved through gas-liquid contact, and then recovered or treated through analysis. It is suitable for water-soluble or high boiling point organic compounds.

　　優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　advantage

　　設(shè)備簡單易維護(hù)：主要設(shè)備為吸收塔、解析塔，操作門檻低，適合中小規(guī)模企業(yè)。

　　The equipment is simple and easy to maintain: the main equipment is absorption tower and analysis tower, with low operating threshold, suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. 

　　成本可控：吸收劑可循環(huán)使用，相比吸附法減少耗材更換頻率，運(yùn)行成本較低。

　　Cost controllable: The absorbent can be recycled, reducing the frequency of consumable replacement and lowering operating costs compared to adsorption methods. 

　　預(yù)處理要求低：對廢氣中的粉塵、顆粒物耐受性強(qiáng)，可同步去除部分氣溶膠污染物。

　　Low pre-treatment requirements: Strong tolerance to dust and particulate matter in exhaust gas, and can simultaneously remove some aerosol pollutants.

　　缺點(diǎn)

　　disadvantage

　　處理效率有限：單一吸收法對非水溶性 VOCs（如苯乙烯）去除率僅 60%~80%，需搭配其他工藝（如冷凝、氧化）。

　　Limited processing efficiency: The removal rate of non water soluble VOCs (such as styrene) by a single absorption method is only 60% to 80%, and other processes (such as condensation and oxidation) need to be combined. 

　　二次污染風(fēng)險：吸收液解析過程可能產(chǎn)生含 VOCs 廢液，需配套廢水處理設(shè)施。

　　Secondary pollution risk: The absorption liquid analysis process may generate VOCs containing waste liquid, which requires supporting wastewater treatment facilities. 

　　能耗與物耗并存：高粘度吸收劑需更高泵送能耗，且吸收劑揮發(fā)可能導(dǎo)致二次排放。

　　Coexistence of energy consumption and material consumption: High viscosity absorbents require higher pumping energy consumption, and the volatilization of absorbents may lead to secondary emissions.

　　第二種、VOCs廢氣處理中生物處理法工藝原理

　　The second method is the biological treatment process principle in VOCs waste gas treatment

　　利用微生物（細(xì)菌、真菌）的代謝作用，將 VOCs 分解為 CO?和 H?O，適用于低濃度（＜1000mg/m3）、易生物降解的有機(jī)物（如酯類、醇類）。

　　By utilizing the metabolic processes of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi), VOCs are decomposed into CO  and H  O, suitable for low concentrations (<1000mg/m ) and easily biodegradable organic compounds (such as esters and alcohols).

　　優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　Advantages

　　環(huán)境友好：無需化學(xué)藥劑，運(yùn)行過程無二次污染，符合低碳環(huán)保理念。

　　Environmentally friendly: No need for chemical agents, no secondary pollution during operation, in line with the low-carbon environmental protection concept. 

　　運(yùn)行成本低：能耗僅為燃燒法的 1/10~1/5，微生物培養(yǎng)成熟后僅需補(bǔ)充少量營養(yǎng)劑。

　　Low operating cost: Energy consumption is only 1/10~1/5 of combustion method, and only a small amount of nutrients need to be supplemented after microbial cultivation is mature. 

　　適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)：可處理臭氣與 VOCs 復(fù)合污染，適合惡臭氣體（如硫醇、胺類）的協(xié)同凈化。

　　Strong adaptability: It can handle the combined pollution of odor and VOCs, suitable for synergistic purification of odorous gases such as thiols and amines. 

　　缺點(diǎn)

　　Disadvantages

　　處理周期長：生物降解速率較慢，需較大體積的生物濾池或生物滴濾塔，占地面積是傳統(tǒng)工藝的 2~3 倍。

　　Long processing cycle: The biodegradation rate is slow, requiring larger volume biofilters or biofilters, occupying 2-3 times the land area of traditional processes. 

　　條件敏感：溫度（20~40℃）、pH（6~8）、含水率（40%~60%）需嚴(yán)格控制，低溫或高濃度廢氣易導(dǎo)致微生物失活。

　　Condition sensitivity: temperature (20-40 ℃) pH（6~8）、 The moisture content (40%~60%) needs to be strictly controlled, as low temperature or high concentration exhaust gas can easily cause microbial inactivation. 

　　成分限制：對苯系物、鹵代烴等難降解 VOCs 效果差，需添加共代謝基質(zhì)（如甲烷）促進(jìn)分解。

　　Ingredient limitation: Poor effect on difficult to degrade VOCs such as benzene derivatives and halogenated hydrocarbons, requiring the addition of co metabolic substrates (such as methane) to promote decomposition.

　　第三種、VOCs廢氣處理中光催化氧化法工藝原理

　　The third type is the principle of photocatalytic oxidation process in VOCs waste gas treatment

　　利用紫外線（UV）激發(fā) TiO?等催化劑，產(chǎn)生羥基自由基（·OH）氧化分解 VOCs，適用于低濃度、中小風(fēng)量廢氣。

　　Using ultraviolet (UV) radiation to excite catalysts such as TiO , hydroxyl radicals (· OH) are generated to oxidize and decompose VOCs, suitable for low concentration, medium and low air volume exhaust gases.

　　優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　Advantages

　　設(shè)備緊湊：模塊化設(shè)計(jì)，占地面積小，可集成于現(xiàn)有通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，適合空間受限場景。

　　Compact equipment: modular design, small footprint, can be integrated into existing ventilation systems, suitable for space constrained scenarios. 

　　低能耗啟動：僅需 UV 燈與風(fēng)機(jī)耗電，啟動速度快，無需預(yù)熱（區(qū)別于燃燒法）。

　　Low energy start-up: only requires power consumption from UV lamps and fans, with fast start-up speed and no need for preheating (different from combustion methods). 

　　無耗材更換：催化劑壽命長（5~8 年），日常維護(hù)僅需定期清潔表面粉塵。

　　No consumables replacement: The catalyst has a long lifespan (5-8 years), and daily maintenance only requires regular cleaning of surface dust. 

　　缺點(diǎn)

　　Disadvantages

　　處理效率低：單一光催化對 VOCs 去除率僅 50%~70%，且受 UV 光照強(qiáng)度限制，高濃度廢氣需多級串聯(lián)。

　　Low processing efficiency: The removal rate of VOCs by a single photocatalysis is only 50%~70%, and it is limited by UV light intensity, requiring multi-stage series connection for high concentration exhaust gas. 

　　副產(chǎn)物風(fēng)險：部分鹵代烴（如三氯乙烯）氧化可能生成光氣等有毒中間體，需配套后處理裝置。

　　By product risk: Some halogenated hydrocarbons (such as trichloroethylene) may oxidize to produce toxic intermediates such as phosgene, which requires a corresponding post-treatment device. 

　　紫外燈衰減問題：UV 燈功率隨使用時間下降（年衰減率約 10%），需定期更換以維持效率。

　　UV lamp attenuation issue: The power of the UV lamp decreases over time (with an annual attenuation rate of about 10%) and needs to be replaced regularly to maintain efficiency.

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